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Metallic Gasket Materials

 Metallic Materials

The following are our most widely used alloys in manufacturing industrial gaskets, their major characteristics, temperature limits and approximate Brinell hardness (HB).

CARBON STEEL
Material frequently used in manufacturing jacketed gaskets and Ring Joints. Due to its low resistance to corrosion it should not be used in water, diluted acids or saline solutions. It may be used in some alkalis and in some concentrated acids. Temperature limit 900° F (500° C).
Approximate Hardness: 90 to 120 HB.

STAINLESS STEEL AISI 304
Alloy with 18% Cr and 8% Ni is the material most used in the manufacturing of industrial gaskets due to its excellent resistance to corrosion, low cost and availability in the market. Its maximum operating temperature is 1400° F (760° C). Due to Stress and Intergranular Corrosion, its continuous service temperature is limited to 790° F (420° C).
Approximate Hardness: 160 HB.

STAINLESS STEEL AISI 304L
It has the same resistance to corrosion as the AISI 304. Since its Carbon content is limited to 0.03%, it has less Intergranular Carbon precipitation and therefore less Intergranular Corrosion. Its operational limit for continuous service is 1400° F (760° C). It is susceptible to Stress Corrosion.
Approximate Hardness: 160 HB and in some cases,140 HB.

STAINLESS STEEL AISI 316
This alloy with 18% Ni, 13% Cr and 2% Mo, offers excellent resistance to corrosion. It can have carbonate precipitation at temperatures between 860° F (460° C) and 1650° F (900° C), under severe corrosion conditions. Maximum recommended temperature for continuous service is 1400° F (760° C).
Approximate Hardness: 160 HB.

STAINLESS STEEL AISI 316L
It has the same chemical composition as the AISI 316 but its Carbon content is limited to 0.03%, which inhibits the Intergranular Carbon precipitation and consequently, the Intergranular Corrosion. The maximum service temperature is 1400° F (760° C).
Approximate Hardness: 160 HB.

STAINLESS STEEL AISI 321
Austenitic stainless steel alloy with 18% Cr and 10% Ni stabilized with Ti, which reduces the Intergranular Carbon precipitation and also the Intergranular Corrosion. It can be used in temperatures up to 1500°F (815°C).
Approximate Hardness: 160 HB.

STAINLESS STEEL AISI 347
Alloy similar to the AISI 304 stabilized with Cb and Ta to reduce carbonate precipitation and Intergranular Corrosion. It is subject to Stress Corrosion. Has good performance in high temperature corrosive service. Maximum temperature: 1550° F (815° C).
Approximate Hardness: 160 HB.

MONEL
Alloy with 67% Ni and 30% Cu, it offers excellent resistance to the majority of acids and alkalis, except to extremely oxidant acids. Subject to stress corrosion and therefore should not be used in the presence of fluorine-silicon acid and Mercury. In combination with PTFE, it is used frequently in spiral wound gaskets for severe corrosion services, such as Hydrofluoric acid. Operating maximum temperature: 1500° F (815° C).
Approximate Hardness: 95 HB.

NICKEL 200
Alloy with 99% Ni, offers great resistance to caustic solutions, even thought it does not have the same global resistance of Monel. It is also used in spiral wound and jacketed gaskets for special applications. Maximum operating temperature: 1400 F (760° C).
Approximate Hardness: 110 HB.

COPPER
Material often used in small dimension gaskets, where the maximum seating stress is limited. Maximum operating temperature: 500° F (260° C).
Approximate Hardness: 80 HB.

ALUMINUM
Due to its excellent resistance to corrosion and easy handling it is very often used in manufacturing gaskets. Maximum service temperature: 860° F (460° C).
Approximate Hardness: 35 HB.

INCONEL
Alloy with 77% Ni, 15% Cr and 7% Fe, it has excellent corrosion resistance from cryogenic to high temperatures. Temperature limit: 2000° F (1100° C).
Approximate Hardness: 150 HB.

TITANIUM
Metal with excellent corrosion properties in elevated temperatures, oxidant service, Nitric acid and caustic solutions. Temperature limit: 2000° F (1100° C).
Approximate Hardness: 215 HB.

 

Jacketed Gaskets

 DESCRIPTION

A Jacketed Gasket is comprised of a soft pliable core inside a metallic jacket.

METALLIC JACKET
Almost any metal or alloy found in sheet form can be used as a jacket; its choice must take into consideration the fluid to be sealed. The metallic jacket is 0.016 in (0.4 mm) to 0.020 in (0.5 mm) thick.

FILLER
The standard filler material is Flexible Graphite. Other fillers like ceramic, PTFE or another metal (corrugated, flat, or serrated) can be used.

STYLES AND APPLICATIONS

STYLE 920 The style 920 is a round single jacket gasket. Used in applications where the seating stress and width are limited. It can be manufactured in circular or oval shape. The maximum gasket width is 1/4 (6.4 mm) and the standard thickness is 3/32 in (2.4 mm).

STYLE 923 The style 923 is a flat double jacket gasket. Its most typical applications are in Heat Exchangers. ASME B 16.20 shows the gasket dimensions for ANSI B 16.5 flanges. The standard thickness is 1/8 in (3.2 mm). This style is also used in large size reactors in chemical plants. Another important use is for flanges in the large, low pressure ducting in Steel Mill Blast Furnaces. To compensate for distortions and irregularities of these flanges gaskets have the thickness from 5/32 in (4 mm) to 1/4 in (6 mm).

STYLE 926 Similar to style 923 but the metallic jacket is corrugated. The corrugations act as a labyrinth.

STYLE 929 Similar to style 926 with a grooved metallic filler. Used in applications where it is necessary to have a gasket without non-metallic materials, temperature limits and chemical resistance depend upon of the metal only.

DESIGN
The following recommendations are based on successful practical applications: Gaskets confined by the inside and outside diameters: Gasket inside diameter = groove inside diameter plus 1/16 in (1.6 mm).

· Gasket outside diameter = groove outside diameter less 1/16 in (1.6 mm).

Gaskets confined by outside diameter:

· Gasket inside diameter = flange inside diameter plus a minimum of 1/8 in (3.2 mm).

· Gasket outside diameter = groove outside diameter less 1/16 in (1.6 mm).

Non confined gaskets:

· Gasket inside diameter = flange inside diameter pIus 1/8 in (3.2 mm).

· Gasket outside diameter = bolt circle diameter less bolt diameter.

Ring Joint Gaskets

The oval cross section ring joint gasket was the first ring joint gasket initially standardized. Later developments resulted in other styles. If the RTJ flange was designed using the older version of the standard (round bottom groove), then it should be used only with oval ring joint gaskets. Octagonal section, for flat bottom flange grooves, is easier to install and its use is recommended for new applications. However either can be used with corresponding newer flat bottom grooves.

Style RX is a pressure-activated gasket. Its shape is designed to use the fluid pressure to increase the sealability. The outside sealing surface of the gasket makes the initial contact with the flange seating the gasket. As the internal pressure of the piping or equipment is increased, the contact pressure between gasket and flange also increases. High seating pressures are created increasing the sealability. This design characteristic makes this gasket style more resistant to vibrations, pressure surges and shocks that occur during oil well drilling. Style RX is interchangeable with oval and octagonal ring gaskets, using the same flange, if the flange groove is flat bottom.

Style BX gasket has a square cross section with beveled corners and is designed for use only in flanges API 6BX. Style BX is recommended for pressures from 5000 psi up to 20, 000 psi. The average diameter of the gasket is slightly greater than that of the flange groove. This way when the gasket is seated it stays pre-compressed by the outside diameter creating a high seating stress.

Ring joint gaskets are available in a wide range of materials, including exotic metals, depending on the application.

RTJ Material Hardness & Sizes

Material Hardness Conversion Scale
Material Hardness

Size Designations for Oval or Octagonal Rings
Dimensions for Oval or Octagonal Rings

RX Gaskets for API 6B Flanges
BX Gaskets for API 6BX Flanges

Material Hardness Conversion Scale

Rockwell "B"

Brinell 3000 Kg. Load

Rockwell "B"

Brinell 3000 Kg. Load

100

241

60

95

95

210

55

89

90

183

50

83

85

163

40

75

80

146

30

67

75

134

20

62

70

122

10

57

65

108

Material Hardness

Material

Designation

Maximum
Hardness
Rockwell B

Maximum
Hardness
Brinell

Soft Iron

D

56

90

Low Carbon Steel

S

68

120

4-6 Chrome

F-5*

72

130

304 Stainless Steel

S304

83

160

316 Stainless Steel

S316

83

160

347 Stainless Steel

S347

83

160

410 Stainless Steel

S410

86

170

Size Designations for Oval or Octagonal Rings

NominalPipe Size

Flange Pressure Rating

150#

300-600#

900#

1500#

2500#

1/2

-

R-11

R-12

R-12

R-13

3/4

-

R-13

R-14

R-14

R-16

1

R-15

R-16

R-16

R-16

R-18

1-1/4

R-17

R-18

R-18

R-18

R-21

1-1/2

R-19

R-20

R-20

R-20

R-23

2

R-22

R-23

R-24

R-24

R-26

2-1/2

R-25

R-26

R-27

R-27

R-28

3

R-29

R-31 (R-30 for lapped joint)

R-31

R-35

R-32

3-1/2

R-33

R-34

-

-

-

4

R-36

R-37

R-37

R-39

R-38

5

R-40

R-41

R-41

R-44

R-42

6

R-43

R-45

R-45

R-46

R-47

8

R-48

R-49

R-49

R-50

R-51

10

R-52

R-53

R-53

R-54

R-55

12

R-56

R-57

R-57

R-58

R-60

14

R-59

R-61

R-62

R-63

-

16

R-64

R-65

R-66

R-67

-

18

R-68

R-69

R-70

R-71

-

20

R-72

R73

R-74

R-75

-

22

R-80

R-81

-

-

-

24

R-76

R-77

R-78

R-79

-

26

-

R-93

R-100

-

-

28

-

R-94

R-101

-

-

30

-

R-95

R-102

-

-

32

-

R-96

R-103

-

-

34

-

R-97

R-104

-

-

36

-

R-98

R-105

-

-

* F5 identification designates ASTM Specification A-182 chemical composition requirements only.

Dimensions for Oval or Octagonal Rings

A.S.A. and
A.P.I.Ring
Number

Gasket Dimensions (Inches)

Gasket Weight lbs.

Center ToCenter

Inside Diameter

Outside Diameter

Width of Ring

Height of Ring

Oval

Octagonal

Oval Rings

Octagonal Rings

R11

1-11/32

1-3/32

1-19/32

1/4

7/16

3/8

0.111

0.104

R12

1-9/16

1-1/4

1-7/8

5/16

9/16

1/2

0.216

0.2

R13

1-11/16

1-3/8

2

5/16

9/16

1/2

0.234

0.216

R14

1-3/4

1-7/16

2-1/16

5/16

9/16

1/2

0.242

0.224

R15

1-7/8

1-9/16

2-3/16

5/16

9/16

1/2

0.26

0.24

R16

2

1-11/16

2-5/16

5/16

9/16

1/2

0.278

0.256

R17

2-1/4

1-15/16

2-9/16

5/16

9/16

1/2

0.311

0.288

R18

2-3/8

2-1/16

2-11/16

5/16

9/16

1/2

0.328

0.304

R19

2-9/16

2-1/4

2-7/8

5/16

9/16

1/2

0.354

0.328

R20

2-11/16

2-3/8

3

5/16

9/16

1/2

0.372

0.344

R21

2-27/32

2-13/32

3-9/32

7/16

11/16

5/8

0.66

0.643

R22

3-1/4

2-15/16

3-9/16

5/16

9/16

1/2

0.45

0.415

R23

3-1/4

2-13/16

3-11/16

7/16

11/16

5/8

0.755

0.734

R24

3-3/4

3-5/16

4-3/16

7/16

11/16

5/8

0.87

0.846

R25

4

3-11/16

4-5/16

5/16

9/16

1/2

0.553

0.51

R26

4

3-9/16

4-7/16

7/16

11/16

5/8

0.93

0.904

R27

4-1/4

3-13/16

4-11/16

7/16

11/16

5/8

1.05

0.96

R28

4-3/8

3-7/8

4-7/8

1/2

3/4

11/16

1.255

1.23

R29

4-1/2

4-3/16

4-13/16

5/16

9/16

1/2

0.622

0.575

R30

4-5/8

4-3/16

5-1/16

7/16

11/16

5/8

1.075

1.047

R31

4-7/8

4-7/16

5-5/16

7/16

11/16

5/8

1.13

1.1

R32

5

4-1/2

5-1/2

1/2

3/4

11/16

1.435

1.405

R33

5-3/16

4-7/8

5-1/2

5/16

9/16

1/2

0.718

0.664

R34

5-3/16

4-3/4

5-5/8

7/16

11/16

5/8

1.2

1.17

R35

5-3/8

4-15/16

5-13/16

7/16

11/16

5/8

1.25

1.21

R36

5-7/8

5-9/16

6-3/16

5/16

9/16

1/2

0.813

0.735

R37

5-7/8

5-7/16

6-5/16

7/16

11/16

5/8

1.36

1.33

R38

6-3/16

5-9/16

6-13/16

5/8

7/8

13/16

2.56

2.52

R39

6-3/8

5-15/16

6-13/16

7/16

11/16

5/8

1.48

1.44

R40

6-3/4

6-7/16

7-1/16

5/16

9/16

1/2

0.935

0.865

R41

7-1/8

6-11/16

7-9/16

7/16

11/16

5/8

1.66

1.61

R42

7-1/2

6-3/4

8-1/4

3/4

1

15/16

4.21

4.16

R43

7-5/8

7-5/16

7-15/16

5/16

9/16

1/2

1.055

0.975

R44

7-5/8

7-3/16

8-1/16

7/16

11/16

5/8

1.77

1.73

R45

8-5/16

7-7/8

8-3/4

7/16

11/16

5/8

1.93

1.88

R46

8-5/16

7-13/16

8-13/16

1/2

3/4

11/16

2.39

2.33

R47

9

8-1/4

9-3/4

3/4

1

15/16

5.06

4.99

R48

9-3/4

9-7/16

10-1/16

5/16

9/16

1/2

1.35

1.24

R49

10-5/8

10-3/16

11-1/16

7/16

11/16

5/8

2.47

2.4

R50

10-5/8

10

11-1/4

5/8

7/8

13/16

4.4

4.32

R51

11

10-1/8

11-7/8

7/8

1-1/8

1-1/16

8.05

8.17

R52

12

11-11/16

12-5/16

5/16

9-16

1/2

1.66

1.53

R53

12-3/4

12-5/16

13-3/16

7/16

11/16

5/8

3

2.88

R54

12-3/4

12-1/8

13-3/8

5/8

7/8

13/16

5.29

5.18

R55

13-1/2

12-3/8

14-5/8

1-1/8

1-7/16

1-3/8

16.23

17.08

R56

15

14-11/16

15-5/16

5/16

9/16

1/2

2.07

1.92

R57

15

14-9/16

15-7/16

7/16

11/16

5/8

3.48

3.38

R58

15

14-1/8

15-7/8

7/8

1-1/8

1-1/16

11

11.13

R59

15-5/8

15-5/16

15-15/16

5/16

9/16

1/2

2.16

2

R60

16

14-3/4

17-1/4

1-1/4

1-9/16

1-1/2

23.1

23.5

R61

16-1/2

16-1/16

16-15/16

7/16

11/16

5/8

3.83

3.73

R62

16-1/2

15-7/8

17-1/8

5/8

7/8

13/16

6.84

6.71

R63

16-1/2

15-1/2

17-1/2

1

1-5/16

1-1/4

16.20

16.67

R64

17-7/8

17-9/16

18-3/16

5/16

9/16

1/2

2.47

2.29

R65

18-1/2

18-1/16

18-15/16

7/16

11/16

5/8

4.3

4.18

R66

18-1/2

17-7/8

19-1/8

5/8

7/8

13/16

7.67

7.53

R67

18-1/2

17-3/8

19-5/8

1-1/8

1-7/16

1-3/8

22.3

23.4

R68

20-3/8

20-1/16

20-11/16

5/16

9/16

1/2

2.82

2.6

R69

21

20-9/16

21-7/16

7/16

11/16

5/8

4.87

4.74

R70

21

20-1/4

21-3/4

3/4

1

15/16

11.80

11.64

R71

21

19-7/8

22-1/8

1-1/8

1-7/16

1-3/8

25.2

26.5

R72

22

21-11/16

22-5/16

5/16

9/16

1/2

3.04

2.81

R73

23

22-1/2

23-1/2

1/2

3/4

11/16

6.6

6.47

R74

23

22-1/4

23-3/4

3/4

1

15/16

12.95

12.75

R75

23

21-3/4

24-1/4

1-1/4

1-9/16

1-1/2

33.3

35.3

R76

26-1/2

26-3/16

26-13/16

5/16

9/16

1/2

3.66

3.38

R77

27-1/4

26-5/8

27-7/8

5/8

7/8

13/16

11.3

11.1

R78

27-1/4

26-1/4

28-1/4

1

1-5/16

1-1/4

27.1

27.58

R79

27-1/4

25-7/8

28-5/8

1-3/8

1-3/4

1-5/8

48.7

49.75

R80

24-1/4

23-15/16

24-9/16

5/16

-

1/2

-

3.11

R81

25

24-7/16

25-9/16

9/16

-

3/4

-

8.55

R82

2-1/4

1-13/16

2-11/16

7/16

-

5/8

-

0.508

R84

2-1/2

2-1/16

2-15/16

7/16

-

5/8

-

0.564

R85

3-1/8

2-5/8

3-5/8

1/2

-

11/16

-

0.978

R86

3-9/16

2-15/16

4-3/16

5/8

-

13/16

-

1.447

R87

3-15/16

3-5/16

4-9/16

5/8

-

13/16

-

1.597

R88

4-7/8

4-1/8

5-5/8

3/4

-

15/16

-

2.735

R89

4-1/2

3-3/4

5-1/4

3/4

-

15/16

-

2.528

R90

6-1/8

5-1/4

7

7/8

-

1-1/16

-

4.55

R91

10-1/4

9

11-1/2

1-1/4

-

1-1/2

-

15.05

R92

9

8-9/16

9-7/16

7/16

11/16

5/8

2.07

2.02

R93

29-1/2

28-3/4

30-1/4

3/4

-

15/16

-

16.33

R94

31-1/2

30-3/4

32-1/4

3/4

-

15/16

-

17.44

R95

33-3/4

33

34-1/2

3/4

-

15/16

-

18.69

R96

36

35-1/8

36-7/8

7/8

-

1-1/16

-

26.65

R97

38

37-1/8

38-7/8

7/8

-

1-1/16

-

28.13

R98

40-1/4

29-3/8

41-1/8

7/8

-

1-1/16

-

29.79

R99

9-1/4

8-13/16

9-11/16

7/16

-

5/8

-

2.08

R100

R100 through R105. Information on request

RX Gaskets for API 6B Flanges

API Ring Number

Sizes of Flange (Inches)

Gasket Weight lbs.

720-960 2000lbs.

2900- lbs.

3000- lbs.

5000- lbs.

RX20

1-1/2

-

1-1/2

1-1/2

0.527

RX23

2

-

-

-

1.15

RX24

-

-

2

2

1.33

RX26

2-1/2

-

-

-

1.42

RX27

-

-

2-1/2

2-1/2

1.5

RX31

3

-

3

-

1.73

RX35

-

-

-

3

1.91

RX37

4

-

4

-

2.09

RX39

-

-

-

4

2.27

RX41

5

-

5

-

2.54

RX44

-

-

-

5

2.72

RX45

6

-

6

-

2.96

RX46

-

-

-

6

3.66

RX47

-

-

-

8*

8.56

RX49

8

-

8

-

3.79

RX50

-

-

-

8

5.36

RX53

10

-

10

-

4.56

RX54

-

-

-

10

6.45

RX57

12

-

12

-

5.36

RX63

-

-

-

14

26.4

RX65

16

-

-

-

6.63

RX66

-

-

16

-

9.39

RX69

18

-

-

-

7.52

RX70

-

-

18

-

20.14

RX73

20

-

-

-

11.63

RX74

-

-

20

-

22.1

RX82

-

1

-

-

0.79

RX84

-

1-1/2

-

-

0.88

RX85

-

2

-

-

0.88

RX86

-

2-1/2

-

-

1.79

RX87

-

3

-

-

1.98

RX88

-

4

-

-

3.22

RX89

-

3-1/2

-

-

2.98

RX90

-

5

-

-

6.82

RX91

-

10

-

-

17.1

RX99

-

-

8*

-

3.31

RX201

-

-

-

1-1/4

0.25

RX205

-

-

-

1-3/4

0.3

RX210

-

-

-

2-1/2

0.75

RX215

-

-

-

4

1.5

*Crossover flange connection.

BX Gaskets for API 6BX Flanges

API Ring Number

Nominal Flange Bore (Inches)

Gasket Weight lbs.

2,000 psi

3,000 psi

5,000 psi

10,000 psi

15,000 psi

20,000 psi

BX-150

-

-

-

1-11/16

1-11/16

-

0.295

BX-151

-

-

-

1-13/16

1-13/16

1-13/16

0.337

BX-152

-

-

-

2-1/16

2-1/16

2-1/16

0.425

BX-153

-

-

-

2-9/16

2-9/16

2-9/16

0.632

BX-154

-

-

-

3-1/16

3-1/16

3-1/16

0.875

BX-155

-

-

-

4-1/16

4-1/16

4-1/16

1.22

BX-156

-

-

-

7-1/16

7-1/16

7-1/16

4.14

BX-157

-

-

-

9

9

-

6.55

BX-158

-

-

-

11

11

-

9.6

BX-159

-

-

-

13-5/8

-

-

14.41

BX-160

-

-

13-5/8

-

-

-

6.75

BX-161

-

-

16-3/4

-

-

-

10.437

BX-162

-

-

16-3/4

-

-

-

4.375

BX-163

-

-

18-3/4

-

-

-

14.375

BX-164

-

-

-

-

-

-

21

BX-165

-

-

21-1/4

-

-

-

18.375

BX-166

-

-

-

-

-

-

27.5

BX-167

26-3/4

-

-

-

-

-

18

BX168

-

26-3/4

-

-

-

-

24.5

BX-169

-

5-1/8

-

-

-

-

-

BX-170

-

6-5/8

-

-

-

-

-

BX-171

-

8-9/16

-

-

-

-

-

BX-172

-

11-5/32

-

-

-

-

-

BX-303

-

30

-

-

-

-

-

top


Properties and application parameters shown throughout this datasheet are typical. Your specific application should not be undertaken without independent study and evaluation for suitability. For specific application recommendations consult BLAYLOCK GASKET & PACKING. Failure to select proper sealing products could result in property damage and/or serious personal injury. Specifications are subject to change without notice. This edition supersedes all previous issues.

 

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